Our archive contains an assorted list of macros, downloads and tips to assist engineers and analysts. All links to external websites will open in a second browser window. Please let us know if can think of any other useful additions.
Undocumented ANSYS commands that can save time when preparing your analysis, the PDF file is a summary table of functions containing not just only the name of the function but the arguments that can be used. Very handy!
Customise ANSYS Workbench Legend & Logo settings - this procedure is to modify the default Legend Settings and Logo within ANSYS Workbench. We have created a new button in WB GUI to run a macro that changes these settings. These new settings will set the legend to 16 contour colours (9 by default) and will be located at the bottom of the screen as shown here.
To download this macro with IDAC Logo pleaseclick here. To download this macro with original ANSYS logo pleaseclick here. To find out how you can apply these settings pleaseclick here.Alternatively for £49 IDAC can create a personal setup file to customise the look of your ANSYS Workbench with your own company logo. Please contact thesales departmentfor further help and information.
If you are
an ANSYS user, click
here to download a macro (UCMSOLID.MAC) that will automatically create
solid model components from individual parts composed of volumes, areas,
lines and keypoints. Click
here to download the equivalent macro (UCMFE.MAC) to create FE components
containing nodes and elements. You can use the macros to check the integrity
of your model.
If you are
an ANSYS/LS-DYNA user, you may have come across a limitation in the EDLOAD
command when applying pressure loads. Unlike standard ANSYS, where you can
select the nodes on the face that you wish to load and then use the SF command,
EDLOAD only allows pressures to be defined on the faces of elements (like
the SFE command in standard ANSYS). For a free-meshed volume, the element
face numbers on the loaded surface will be random, making the EDLOAD commands
time-consuming. For a more efficient solution, click
here to download the macro UEDLOAD_PRESS_164.MAC that allows you to
apply the pressure load to a selected set of nodes, just like the SF command
in standard ANSYS. Please read the instructions at the top of the macro
listing carefully before use. Also please save this file as UEDLOAD_PRESS_164.MAC
Avoid the
need for repetitive work when creating areas from many closed loops of lines.
Particularly useful when you have been supplied line geometry containing
many closed loops via CAD or have created closed loops that need to be converted
to areas.
Apply a free
moment to an area (or group of areas). No need to use beam spiders - just
enter the moment magnitude and application area/component. Implements the
RBE3 command for you so doesn't stiffen the application surface.
Performance Monitor is a small program that shows you the CPU, Memory, Disk and Network utilization under Windows NT platforms (2000, XP, Vista, Win 7, etc...). It's composed by four fully configurable small graphs and can sit and work in the system tray area. The graph windows are also fully anchorable so you can place it anywhere, the program can also become transparent and you can even set the program priority so to save CPU power.
provides engineering analysis consultancy, training, software sales and technical services to a variety of UK customers using ANSYS Finite Element Analysis and CFD software. ANSYS engineering analysis products have a broad range of engineering analysis functionality including excellent CAD integration, for the development of leading edge products and state of the art manufacturing processes.
Text editors used for ANSYS input files have syntax highlighting, so that is not what sets PeDAL apart. Instead, PeDAL’s integration with the ANSYS Help System is great because you can easily hit the [F1] key to get detailed help information on the side window. Moreover, as you type, the command syntax appears, akin to the Input Prompt in the ANSYS GUI. These features alone make PeDAL a great editor for APDL macros and input files.
Ever lost all your email addresses, when you swap between desktops or get a new PC? Use nk2view to add up to a 1000 emails to your Microsoft Outlook installation so you don't have to go digging up those contacts before you can send them an email
When trying to move or delete a file sometimes a message will appear telling the user it cannot delete the file as it is being used by another program, this may be even more infuriating when you have looked up task manager and cannot see any programs that may be calling that file. Unlocker is a free tool that upon the aforementioned error message will open and detail the programs/processes associated with that file and provide options on how to deal with such as kill the process or remove the handle.
It can be very frustrating when your much needed data resides in an old image of a graph, rather than working out the data using a ruler and print out it might be worthwhile to try piece of software called Enguage. Enguage allows you to translate graphs into actual usable data for free. Simply select the axes of the graph declaring min and max values and it will automatically select the data points from the curves to send to excel.
With this viewer, users can share 3-D graphics with colleagues or customers, as an alternative to sending static (2-D) images. It also allows users to show 3-D graphics within html browsers, such as Internet Explorer, as well as embed 3-D graphics into PowerPoint presentations. The 3-D graphic object files (file extension *.cvf) can be generated by ANSYS CFX-Post as well as CFX-Pre and ANSYS TurboGrid. Details on the generation and use of these files are included with the installation. *Only for Microsoft Windows
GIF Movie Gear is a very user-friendly software. Just with a few clicks, an animation can be produced. It's as easy as 1.import the images, 2.set the frame rate (not always necessary unless you want to speed up or slow down the animation), 3.export the animation! Best of all, GIF Movie Gear hasn't got the limitations, which may commonly occur in other converting software, such as the resolution has to be under 2000x2000 pixels.
The Mathcad-ANSYS integration allows Mathcad to act as a plug-in within Workbench to manage parameters. Engineers can automatically exchange data and calculated values between Mathcad and the ANSYS finite element analysis modeling solution, supporting dynamic, live updates to calculations.
IDAC has discovered a handy icon docker that can be positioned anywhere on your desktop. By allowing users to have more control over how they organize their desktop, users can take control of their desktop icons and shortcuts to have them be available when, where and how they need them. Above all its free and easy to use.
With File Shredder you can remove files from your hard drive without fear they could be recovered. There are quite a few software tools today for retrieval of deleted files under Windows OS. Those tools, often referred to as "file recovery" software, are taking advantage of shortcoming of WIndows "delete" command that we all use regularly to delete files. Actually, the "delete" operation in Windows only removes bits of information from files so they appear deleted in OS. It is easy to retrieve those files using aforementioned specialized file recovery software.
Try ImageMagick to edit images. ImageMagick can read, convert and write images in a variety of formats (over 100) and is able to transform images and apply various special effects. This software was used on the image to the right. A degree of transparency was added to highlight the sequence of movement. ImageMagick is free software delivered as a ready-to-run binary distribution or as source code that you may freely use, copy, modify, and distribute.
TortoiseSVN is an easy-to-use source control software for Microsoft Windows and possibly the best standalone Subversion client there is for document management. It's implemented as a Windows shell extension, which makes it integrate seamlessly into the Windows explorer. Since it's not an integration for any specific IDE you can use it with whatever development tools you like. This software is completely free, including the source code so you can use TortoiseSVN to develop commercial applications or just use it in your company without any restrictions.
This download details the newest product version of ANSYS, version 11 for students and teachers of universities, being very informative it's well worth a look.
PDFCreator is an application for converting documents into Portable Document Format (PDF) format on Microsoft Windows operating system. Once installed, it allows the user to select PDFCreator as their printer, allowing almost any application to print to PDF.
SyncToy v1.0 is available as a free download on the Microsoft Download Center. This easy to use, customizable application helps you copy, move, rename, and delete files between folders and computers.
SnagIt Screen Capture v.7.2.5 enables you to capture, edit and share any image or screenshot on your Windows PC. This extremely versatile tool enables you to enhance presentations with captured images or capture error messages to send on to a support team.Click herefor a free trial.
VRMLview is an award-winning viewer of VRML models. Its ease of use, high speed, impressive functionality and small size make it a popular viewer for VRML models. With VRMLview you can view the following file formats: VRML1.0, VRML2.0, VRML97, 3D Studio (.3ds), OpenFlight (14.2-15.6), Truespace, and AutoCAD DXF (.dxf). To download or for more information please visithttp://www.sim.no/products/SIM_VRMLview/download/
If you are an ANSYS user, click here to download a macro (UCMSOLID.MAC) that will automatically create solid model components from individual parts composed of volumes, areas, lines and keypoints. Click here to download the equivalent macro (UCMFE.MAC) to create FE components containing nodes and elements. You can use the macros to check the integrity of your model.
Download Microsoft’s Calculator Plus – Free of Charge. It allows you to complete many different types of conversions (unit & currency); it also includes all the mathematical functions offered in Microsoft Calculator.
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HARMONIC RESULTS, MAXIMUM OVER FREQUENCY, FREQUENCY OF MAXIMUM. If a harmonic analysis produces imaginary result data, then a result defined by "Maximum Over Frequency" or "Frequency of Maximum" will be incorrect.
RESULTS, ENERGY PROBES, RIGID DYNAMICS. In a rigid body dynamics analysis, energy probes scoped on a body give incorrect results when model has contacts.
FE MODELER, MECHANICAL, PARAMESH, GEOMETRY UPDATE. When the geometry and mesh data is refreshed into Mechanical after being created in FEModler, Mechanical will attempt to maintain associativity for any existing boundary conditions. However, this persistence can be wrong.
MECHDB, MSHDB, DATABASE LOSS, UNIT SYSTEM, FOR GEOMETRY. Under some circumstances, the database for a Mechanical or Mesh system can become permanently damaged upon saving a Workbench Project file.
BEARING LOAD, LOAD DEACTIVATION. A Bearing Load is applied incorrectly in certain scenarios even if the load step is deactivated for that particular load step.
ANAND VISCOPLASTICITY, ENGINEERING DATA, MECHANICAL. The inputs for Anand Viscoplasticity allow for a unit choice. If these units differ from those of the solver unit system in Mechanical, the inputs are converted. It is not correct to convert these inputs from one unit system to another.
USER DEFINED RESULT, COORDINATE SYSTEM. For certain user defined results, if the expression is not entered in upper case, then an incorrect result coordinate system can be in effect during evaluation.
BOLT PRETENSION, PATH-DEPENDENT LOADING, MULTIPLE STEP. In a multiple load step analysis, pretension bolt loads will not be correctly ramped between steps if the loading is defined by "Load".
STEP, ACTIVATE/DEACTIVATE, TIME LINE, TABULAR DATA. For a load in a multi-step analysis, if one or more steps are deactivated and the Magnitude option is changed from Constant to Tabular (or vice versa), the Time Line and the Tabular Data of the load show all steps are active.
FIXED ROTATION SUPPORT, CYLINDRICAL COORDINATE SYSTEM. A Fixed Rotation Support that is defined using a cylindrical coordinate system is incorrectly applied using a Cartesian system.
RANDOM VIBRATION, RESPONSE PSD, MODAL, MODE NUMBER. The Response PSD of a Random Vibration Analysis is incorrect when users customize the number of modes extracted in the Modal Analysis.
THERMAL MATERIALS, AIR, THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY. The Air material in the Thermal Materials library in Engineering Data had the wrong value specified for Thermal Conductivity.
CYCLIC SYMMETRY MODAL HARMONIC INDEX. In a modal analysis using cyclic symmetry, the contour result obtained for a particular Harmonic Index and Cyclic Mode may be incorrect.
MAPPED MESHING CONTROL, SMALL FACES, THIN FACES. When there are small or thin faces adjacent to a face with a mapped meshing control, ANSYS Workbench may not mesh these faces, especially if the number of divisions along the boundary between the small or thin face and the face with the control is 2.
THERMAL CONDITION, TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION, THERMAL STRAIN,
VARIABLE THICKNESS SHELLS. In a Structural system featuring thermal conditions, the calculated
temperature distribution and thermal strains through the thickness
of a surface body may be incorrect.
MAGNETOSTATIC, TORQUE, STRUCTURAL, ELASTIC, SUPPORT, MOMENT, REACTION. For Magnetostatic analyses, the Torque probe can be incorrect if the unit system active during the solution phase is different from
the length unit in the Details View for Geometry.
With the Compare Parts On Update option turned on, an update with
no topological changes but geometric changes may result in the part
not being identified as modified, and an invalid mesh could be used
for solving.
During a Workbench session, if a derived parameter(s) is deleted,
and later a new derived parameter is created, then the value of the
new derived parameter can be wrong. As a result, an incorrect value
may be used within a simulation, yielding incorrect results that
are not easily identifiable.
DESIGN ASSESSMENT, UNITS; Design Assessment can expose data in non-solver units during solution and evaluation stages. This occurs when the Design
Assessment solver units are different from those employed in the
geometry.
Under certain conditions, the maximum bending (and the maximum combined) beam stress reported by the Beam Tool can be incorrect if the Y bending stress on top varies across a beam element. Note, for a beam element, the solver calculates four bending stresses: Y bending stress on top/bottom and Z bending stress on top/bottom.
The following behavior of Workbench parameter expression evaluation is not explicitly documented: ANSYS Workbench expression and mathematical function evaluation is based on the Python 2.6 programming language and inherits some behavior that you should understand.
For a force applied to a vertex in a cylindrical coordinate system,
the coordinate system is not used and the force is applied in the
global Cartesian system.
Surface bodies imported from Autodesk Inventor to Workbench have
incorrect volume values. If these bodies are made rigid in the
Mechanical application, the resulting solution will be incorrect.
The results displayed by the Stress Tool (Safety Factor, Safety
Margin, or Stress Ratio) may be incorrect if any element coordinate
system is not aligned with the global coordinate system.
If you extend an Explicit Dynamics simulation (by re-solving with a
non-zero value of "Resume from Cycle" selected in the analysis
settings), then any changes in the GUI for the following properties
will not be respected by the solver for certain subsequent parts of the
solve.
If a bearing load is present in multiple steps and the direction of
the bearing load changes through the load steps, the total force
magnitude may not be correctly applied.
The solution is incorrect when a remote boundary condition such as
a remote displacement is applied to a vertex that also has a beam
end release object applied. In this situation, the beam end release
is ignored. This error occurs in the Mechanical application.
The mass moment of inertia calculation for a multi-body cylinder
part (a cylinder part consists of several bodies) gives inaccurate
result at the part level in the Workbench Mechanical application.
The mass moment of inertia calculation for each individual body is
correct. This affects the results of a rigid-body analysis.
If a user defined result in Mechanical is a component strain and if the user chooses to display the result in a coordinate system that is not the global or solution coordinate system, then the result is not correctly transformed.
In ANSYS Rigid Body Dynamics, joint forces are incorrect for all joints in a rigid dynamics system, when a constraint equation is created using a Python command snippet or when any joint with a reference coordinate system that is not aligned with the global coordinate systems.
Displacement constraints defined in a cylindrical coordinate system
are not applied correctly in a Harmonic Response analysis. They are
incorrectly applied in Cartesian coordinates.
MPC184, JOINT ELEMENTS, SPARSE SOLVER, BLOCK LANCZOS. When joint elements are present in the model, the solution results may not be correct when using the sparse direct equation solver.
MPAMOD, *GET,,REFT. When converting a temperature-dependent coefficient of thermal expansion from one reference temperature to another using certain commands the conversion is not performed.
OCEAN LOADING, FLOODING, PIPE288, PIPE289. For PIPE288 and PIPE289 when the flooding option of the ocean loading is activated and the internal material number on the SECDATA command is unused the internal mass of the ocean water inside the pipe is ignored.
MP,DMPR, MODAL DAMPING RATIO, ENFORCED MOTION, MODCONT. In a modal analysis using Block Lanczos, or Supernode, the effective modal damping ratios based on the strain energies can be incorrect.
PRETENSION LOAD, SLOAD, MULTI-FRAME RESTART. The pretension loads defined by SLOAD are ramped incorrectly from zero to the value of the current load step in a multi-frame restart.
SURF251, RADIOSITY, THERMAL, RSURF. If a SURF251 element is generated on an underlying two-dimensional solid element that has a clockwise nodal connectivity, the resulting view factors are incorrect.
MODAL ANALYSIS, LINEAR PERTURBATION, PCG LANCZOS, MSAVE. When the certain conditions are met, ANSYS Mechanical APDL may incorrectly determine the frequencies and mode shapes in a modal analysis.
SINGLE POINT RESPONSE SPECTRUM, MISSING MASS, SPECTRUM
ACCELERATION, REACTION FORCES. In Single Point Response Spectrum analysis and Multiple Points Response Spectrum analysis, when the missing mass is included,
applied accelerations are not included in the element nodal force calculation, resulting in erroneous reaction forces.
SECJOINT, MPC184-REVOLUTE, FRICTION. When friction is specified in MPC184-Revolute, the axial moment contributing to the total normal frictional moment is incorrectly calculated.
HARMONIC, NSUBST, ACOUSTIC PML. In a full harmonic acoustic analysis with a PML absorption boundary, the later results are seen to change when the number of substeps changes.
CYCLIC, INERTIA, ORIGIN, OMEGA, CGOMGA, CMOMEGA, DOMEGA
DCGOMG, CMDOMEGA. In a cyclic symmetry analysis (CYCLIC command) where the origin of
the cyclic coordinate system does not coincide with the global
origin, the inertia load based on rotational velocities (OMEGA,
CGOMGA, and CMOMEGA commands) and/or rotational accelerations
(DOMEGA, DCGOMG, and CMDOMEGA commands) is incorrect.
The ANSYS 11.0 Element Reference contains a documentation error.
The PLANE13 element documentation incorrectly indicates in the
"Special Features" section that the element supports certain
nonlinear material models (specifically Plasticity, Creep,
Swelling, Elasticity, and Other [User-Defined]).
PRETENSION ELEMENT, PILOT NODE. Pretension elements (PRETEN179) do not work properly if any pilot
nodes (TARGE169, TARGE170 generated through TSHAP or KMESH commands) also exist in the model.
BEAM188, BEAM189, TAPERED SECTION, MASS DENSITY. When BEAM188 or BEAM189 elements use a TAPER section, and material 1 either does not exist or does not have a non-zero mass density defined, the mass in these beam elements may be ignored.
CORIOLIS, OMEGA, CMOMEGA, SOLID45, SOLID95, SOLID185,
SOLID186, SOLID187. For certain elements, if any of the rotational velocity components is specified as negative values and Coriolis effect is
activated the gyroscopic effect is calculated incorrectly.
INISTATE, HYPERELASTIC, INITIAL ELASTIC STRAIN. The initial elastic strain field applied with the INISTATE command
does not produce correct results when the materials include hyperelasticity or anisotropic hyperelasticity.
SHELL181, SHELL281, ETABLE, SMISC, SHELL THICKNESS. The average shell element thickness, stored as an SMISC result quantity was not properly computed in degenerate triangular shell elements.
OMEGA, CMOMEGA, HARMONIC, MODAL, CORIOLIS. In a mode-superposition harmonic analysis of a rotating structure, there is an error in specific circumstances.
DISPLACEMENT CONSTRAINT, REACTION FORCE, MULTIFRAME RESTART. In performing a multiframe restart (ANTYPE,,RESTART) at an intermediate point during a load step the FORCE option on the DDELE command does not work correctly.
PIPE16, PIPE59, TRANSVERSE PRESSURES. For PIPE16 with KEYOPT(5) = 1 and PIPE59 with KEYOPT(9) = 1 the applied transverse pressures give incorrect loads.
SEND,PLASTIC, PLASTIC STRAIN ENERGY DENSIT. For a nonlinear analysis with plasticity and creep material defined, the creep strain energy density was incorrectly included in the plastic strain energy density output (SEND,PLASTIC).
MFX, FORCE, TWO-WAY FSI. The direction of the force applied at a two-way FSI interface in the MFX solver (MFANALYSIS, ON) may be inaccurate due to an interpolation error with lower-order elements.
CDWRITE, KEYOPT. When writing the CDB file using the CDWRITE command, KEYOPT(13) through KEYOPT(18) are not written and therefore are all set to 0 upon reading (CDREAD command).
CINT, VCCT, ENERGY RELEASE RATE, /CONFIG,NOELDB, Energy release rates calculated using the virtual crack closure
technique (VCCT) via the command CINT,TYPE,VCCT are incorrect if /CONFIG,NOELDB,1 is issued.
Magnetostatic analyses, the Torque probe can be incorrect if
the unit system active during the solution phase is different from
the length unit in the Details View for Geometry.
For Magnetostatic analyses, the Torque probe can be incorrect if
the unit system active during the solution phase is different from
the length unit in the Details View for Geometry.
For Structural analyses, the Moment Reaction probe, scoped to an
Elastic Support, can be incorrect if the unit system active during
the solution phase is different from the length unit in the Details
View for Geometry.
COMPARE PARTS ON UPDATE, MESHING. With the Compare Parts On Update option turned on, an update with
no topological changes but geometric changes may result in the part
not being identified as modified, and an invalid mesh could be used
for solving.
With the Compare Parts On Update option turned on, an update with no topological changes but geometric changes may result in the part not being identified as modified, and an invalid mesh could be used for solving.
The element stresses and nodal reaction forces may be incorrect
when layered SOLSH190 elements are used, and a group of these elements referring to the same element type refers to more than one shell section and the solution is run in parallel.
When missing mass effects are included in a spectrum analysis the contribution of the missing mass to the modal combination will be in error if one of certain element types are in the model
A modal cyclic symmetry analysis using VT accelerator
(CYCOPT,VTSOL) returns incorrect results when coupled degrees of
freedom (using the CP family of commands) are defined.
In a harmonic analysis (ANTYPE,HARM), a complex load or a boundary
condition (F, D, SF, or SFE commands) can be applied as a
frequency-dependent tabular load (primary variable is FREQ). The
real part is stepped over the frequency range as documented.
However, the imaginary part is erroneously ramped.
CDWRITE for a Yeoh hyperelastic table (TB,HYPER,,,YEOH) outputs
double the number of points (NPTS) as is correct. However, this can
cause unexpected behavior when the data is read in with a CDREAD
command.
The mode shapes are not correct from a damped modal analysis when
the modes are normalized to unity (MODOPT,DAMP,,,,,ON command) and
when using Distributed ANSYS (ansys130 -dis). When the Nrmkey
option is set to OFF, which is the default, the mode shapes are
correct. In both of these cases (Nrmkey ON or OFF), the eigenvalues
are always correct.
In a random vibration analysis (ANTYPE,SPECTRUM with SPOPT,PSD)
using wave propagation (PSDWAV command) with base excitation
(PFACT,,BASE,WAVE), results are incorrect if the wave direction is
in any direction other than purely in an x-direction
(PSDWAV,,vx,0,0).
When combining a cyclic symmetric solution (CYCLIC command) at a prescribed phase angle (HRCPLX command), the command options of LOADSTEP and SUBSTEP may not be correctly taken into account.
Calculated results may be wrong if an Imported Load is present in
an environment where the Step End Time is represented by 6 or more
digits. The error occurs because the necessary commands to apply or
deactivate the load may not be sent to the solver. In addition, the
imported data could erroneously be applied at another step.
In Mechanical, the export of a "Vector Principal Stress" or a "Vector Principal Strain" result is listing component stresses (SX, SY, SZ, SXY, SYZ, SXZ) as the nodal data instead of listing principal stresses or strains (S1, S2, S3 and three Euler angles) data. The data does not match the result title.
The units of an imported file from CFX (*.def, *.res), FLUENT (*.msh, *.cas), ICEM (*.uns), or STL (*.stl) are incorrect in FE Modeler. The length parameter is always classified as meters.
A load magnitude defined as a function will be interpreted incorrectly in the solution when all of the following conditions exist: Magnitude (uses the spatial variable y ), Coordinate System (is set to a cylindrical system), Angular Measure (displays Radians), Environment (folder, Details view lists, Solver Target as ANSYS Mechanical). When all of these conditions exist, the solver value for variable y is not correctly converted to a radian value, but is rather in degrees.
For a random vibration (PSD) analysis, the Mechanical post-processor incorrectly calculates 1-sigma equivalent stress
(SEQV) by substituting the 1-sigma value of the six component stresses (sx,sy,sz,sxy,syz,sxz) from the result file into the
equivalent stress equation: seqv = {1/2 * [(sx - sy)^2 + (sy - sz)^2 + (sz - sx)^2 + 6 * (sxy^2 + syz^2 + sxz^2)]}^(1/2). The 1-sigma equivalent stress is calculated by the solver using the six modal component stresses and their covariance matrix in a quadratic form of the von Mises stress vector, as documented in the ANSYS Theory Manual. The Mechanical post-processor should have retrieved the 1-sigma equivalent stress directly from the result file.
Isotropic Elasticity is defined by specifying values for two of the
following items: Young's Modulus, Poisson's Ratio, Bulk Modulus, or
Shear Modulus. Engineering Data allows you to choose from a list of
combinations to input two of these values, the other values are
then computed automatically. The ANSYS solver always makes use of
the Young's Modulus and Poisson's Ratio values which have been
entered or computed. If the combination chosen does not include
Poisson's Ratio; Poisson's Ratio will be computed and incorrectly
assigned a stress unit of Pascals. The value of Poisson's Ratio
will then be converted into the unit system selected for the
solution and the incorrect value will be used in the solution,
excepting the case when the solution unit system is "Metric (m, kg,
N, s, V, A)".
A Thermal Condition load will be incorrectly applied to bodies
using the "Solid Shell" element option (SOLSH190 elements). The
corresponding BFE command results in a temperature load being
applied only to the first four nodes, leaving the rest at the
reference temperature.
If a 2-D edge heat flow or force is applied to an edge that belongs
to more than one body (commonly called shared topology), the
Mechanical APDL solver will ignore that load because the underlying
SURF elements are applied to both bodies, which Mechanical APDL
detects as invalid.
User defined results for total mechanical and thermal strains
(EPTT) and total mechanical strains (EPTO) are reporting incorrect
results if a display time is chosen that lies between result sets.
There is an error in the linear interpolating of the results from
the previous set with the results from next set.
Recall that EPTT is the sum of elastic, plastic, creep, and thermal
strain: EPTT = EPEL + EPPL + EPCR + EPTHRecall that EPTO is the sum of elastic, plastic, and creep strain:
EPTO = EPEL + EPPL + EPCR
Results specified by a time that is listed in the time history
(that is, a time associated with an actual result set) are correct.
Results specified by Result Set are correct.
If a point mass is present in a structural analysis with its
Behavior set to 'Rigid' and all of its Mass Moments of Inertia
equal to zero, the rotations of the point mass will be incorrectly
constrained. This error will usually cause grossly inaccurate
results and a displaced shape that translates but does not rotate
at the topology where the point mass attaches. This error can be
demonstrated easily with a modal analysis of a cantilevered solid
by applying a point mass to the free end.
If a line body is created in DesignModeler, the orientation of its
edges may be incorrect when the geometry is transferred to
Mechanical on computers that are using a comma as the decimal
symbol. The incorrect orientation will be apparent once the beam is
meshed.
In a Single Point Response Spectrum analysis (ANTYPE,SPECTRUM with SPOPT,SPRS), when linear interpolation is activated for a spectrum (KeyInterp=1 on the SVTYP command), it is done between spectrum curves. However, the interpolation erroneously remains logarithmic between frequency points.
The reported reaction moment MZ (using PRRFOR or NFORCE command) is incorrect for a 2-D contact model when a 2-D pilot node is defined in a local coordinate system (NROTAT command).
In a nonlinear static analysis, if velocity boundary conditions (D or DJ command with VELX, VELY, VELZ, OMGX, OMGY, OMGZ) are imposed and line search is activated (LNSRCH, ON - default if contact is present), the results are incorrect.
Cyclic symmetry (CYCLIC command) stress and strain results from a
harmonic response solution (ANTYPE,HARM command) may be incorrect
if 1) elements have been deleted (e.g., EDELE command, VCLEAR
command, etc.), and 2) there is neither a RESUME (resume an
existing database) nor a NUMCMP,ELEM (compress element numbers)
operation after the delete operation but before SOLVE.
When certain conditions are met, ANSYS incorrectly detects the
non-uniform temperatures in the second or later loadsteps. If any
elements exist that meet the MSAVE criteria and have
temperature-dependent material properties, then the stiffness for
these elements may be incorrect.
When a structural mass element (MASS21) with rotary inertias has no
translational mass (MASSX=MASSY=MASSZ=0 if KEYOPT(3)=0 or MASS=0 if
KEYOPT(3)=3), the total mass as well as the mass by element type
printed out in the mass summary may be incorrect. Because the total
mass is used in the calculation of the ratios of the effective mass
to the total mass (participation factor calculation printout),
those ratios may also be incorrect.
Using *VGET to obtain all the elements adjacent to a given element
(*VGET,ParR,ELEM,ele,ADJ,face,,,4) could miss adjacent elements for
the last 5 elements in the model.
The results after the first load step may be incorrect for a 2-D
contact model with a pilot node (TARGE169) when all the following conditions are met:(1) A rotation constraint ROTZ is applied to the pilot node (Dcommand)(2) The pilot node is rotated along a local coordinate system (NROT command)(3) More than one load steps were issued (SOLVE command)
When stiffness-proportional damping is applied to any contact
elements (BETAD and/or MP,DAMP) in a full transient analysis
(ANTYPE,TRANS with TRNOPT,FULL), the contact element nodal forces
will be incorrect. As a result, TOTAL forces (default) and DAMP
forces (FORCE,DAMP) are incorrect. However, the static forces
(FORCE,STATIC) and other output results are correct. For any nodes
belonging to contact elements which are constrained (including the
pilot node), their reaction forces will also be incorrect.
The Bergstrom-Boyce Theory documentation and the material model
implemented are not consistent. The documentation follows the
literature of the original Bergstrom-Boyce model. The implemented
model follows the modified Bergstrom-Boyce model published by Dal
and Kaliske (Comp. Mech. v. 44 pp 809-823). Also, in the
constitutive model solution, the inelastic network stretch is
corrected to be the 1st principal invariant of the inelastic right
Cauchy-Green deformation tensor instead of the 2nd principal
invariant.
Any accelerations applied during a prior modal analysis
(ANTYPE,MODAL with ACEL, OMEGA, etc.) will be incorrectly used
during the participation factor calculation (PFACT command) of the
subsequent PSD analysis (ANTYPE,SPECT with SPOPT,PSD). All PSD
results will be be incorrect.
If in a transient or harmonic mode superposition analysis
(ANTYPE,TRAN with TRNOPT,MSUP or ANTYPE,HARM with HROPT,MSUP)
accelerations are applied in the solution pass (ACEL command) and
any of the nodes are rotated (e.g., NROTAT, NANG, DSYM, etc.
commands), the results will be incorrect.
In a full transient analysis (ANTYPE,TRANS with TRNOPT,FULL
[default]), if you have all of the following:
- nonlinear geometric effects (NLGEOM,ON)
- and
- element with rotational DOFs (BEAM, PIPE, or SHELL element types)
the element nodal forces and reaction forces will be incorrect.
Only the damping, inertial, and total forces are incorrect
(FORCE,DAMP (or INERT or TOTAL [default])). The static forces
(FORCE,STATIC) are correct. Displacements, stresses and other
output results are correct.
Calculated results may be wrong if an Imported Load is present in an environment where the Step End Time is represented by 7 or more significant digits. The error occurs because the necessary commands to apply or deactivate the load may not be sent to the solver.
When BEAM188 and BEAM189 elements are used with section offset
(SECOFFSET,Location with Location other than CENTROID), a
geometrically nonlinear analysis (NLGEOM,ON) may converge to
incorrect results if both transverse shear and torsional
deformations are present.
The results are incorrect when using SHELL131 or SHELL132, the
thermal shell elements, with at least one convection surface on
face 1 or 2 (top and bottom faces) AND at least one convection
surface on face 3, 4, 5, or 6 (edge faces) while using the
Newton-Raphson solution procedure.
For PIPE288 and PIPE289, the 3-D pipe elements, the hydrodynamic
information on the NMISC record of the .RST file is erroneously
ordered in the KEYOPT(12) printout order rather than the documented
order in Table 288.3.
When using Distributed ANSYS to solve a large deflection,
prestressed modal analysis using cyclic symmetry, the results are
incorrect.
There are two documented methods for obtaining the solution for
this type of analysis in ANSYS
If higher order tetrahedral elements are used in an MFX analysis,
then incorrect non-matching area fractions are calculated when
doing conservative interpolation mapping, resulting in the transfer
of incorrect conservative quantities (typically Total Force and
Wall Heat Flow) on the fluid solid interface, and hence incorrect
results are obtained.
When 1. resuming a run from a db file from R 11.0 or earlier into R 12.0 or R 12.1 (RESUME command), and 2. either BEAM188 with KEYOPT(3) = 2 or BEAM189 is used, the results are unpredictable.
If a 2-D edge heat flow or force is applied to an edge that belongs
to more than one body (commonly called shared topology), the
Mechanical APDL solver will ignore that load because the underlying
SURF elements are applied to both bodies, which Mechanical APDL
detects as invalid.
SURF153, the 2D Structural Surface Effect element, has the following defects with the
surface tension capability, input with the SURT real constant: 1. The element x-direction forces have the wrong sign. 2. For axisymmetric models (KEYOPT(3) = 1), the circumferential effect is missing.
When using the Block Lanczos eigensolver (MODOPT,LANB or BUCOPT,LANB) to extract
modes for modal or buckling analyses (ANTYPE,MODAL or ANTYPE,BUCKLE), the solver
may report an incorrect mode shape.
If you perform a background solve (My Computer, Background) in the
Mechanical application, then modify a material property
(Engineering Data cell) and refresh the Model cell before
downloading the results, and then later download results, the
Report Preview in the Mechanical application will display the new
material property value along with the results of the solve
performed with the old material property value. There is no
indication that the material property value and the results are not
from the same solve.
In a spectrum analysis (SPRS, DDAM or MPRS), when 2 or more spectra
are input, the combination file (.MCOM) generated by the Naval
Research Laboratory Sum combination method (NRLSUM command) is
incorrect and leads to wrong results.
For COMBIN14 (the Spring-Damper element), the initial force-free length (ILENGTH, the sixth real constant) is erroneously multiplied by 6.2831853 (2.0*pi) if KEYOPT(3) = 2, the 2-D longitudinal spring-damper option.
Results using one of the multilinear kinematic hardening options (TB,MKIN with TBOPT=2 or TB,KINH or TB,PLASTIC,,,KINH) with tempreture-dependent input curves (TBTEMP) subject to cyclic thermal loads may show erratic behavior and produce inconsistent results.
Results using one of the multilinear kinematic hardening options
(TB,MKIN with TBOPT=2 or TB,KINH) with temperature-dependent input
curves (TBTEMP) subject to cyclic thermal loads may show erratic
behavior and produce inconsistent results. The erratic behavior
occurs after a few thermal cycles; the initial cycle(s) produce
valid results (within engineering accuracy). Some of this behavior
includes:
- erratic and sometimes very large plastic strain ratios during the
equilibrium iterations
- non-convergence
- POST26 plots of stress-strain behavior showing non-smooth and
erratic curves, and stress and strain contours showing non-smooth
result fields (PLESOL in particular)
While these results are observable and clearly questionable, you
should not use them to confirm or deny ratcheting or shakedown.
Loads may be unexpectedly deleted in the solution. The solver input
will show an xDELE (SFDEL, FDEL, SFEDEL, DDEL, etc.) command
removing the load.
This condition can occur when some loads were once
activated/deactivated. This condition occurs when the timeline
display of the Analysis Settings object implies that a load has
been suppressed in the second or subsequent load steps while the
timeline display for the individual load objects indicates the load
is active for all time steps.
During an Update All Design Points operation or a DX update, if an
input parameter for an external CAD geometry in a given design
point (DP[X]) differs in value from the previously solved design
point (DP[X-1]), but has the same value as the "Current" design
point, the value of the parameter in DP[X-1] will be incorrectly
sent to the external CAD system for re-generation. The UI will not
indicate that the value of the parameter in DP[X-1] has been sent.
Instead, the UI will indicate that the value of the parameter in
DP[X] has been sent.
Damping values (Constant Damping Ratio and/or Beta Damping Value)
defined in Response Spectrum Damping Controls are not used in
calculating response spectrum results. The response spectrum
results therefore do not have the damping effects. The error
happens only when the Mode Combination Type is set to ROSE.
Equivalent Elastic Strain, Thermal Strain, Structural Error,
Thermal Error, Electromagnetic Error results, and Equivalent
Elastic Strain probes are incorrect for models that contain parts
with the same material and at least one of those parts has a
Reference Temperature specified with the setting of "By Body"; that
is, not equal to the "Environment Temperature." The material
properties are being defined per part based on the material name
but should have taken into account the material body's temperature.
The reported magnetic error is sometimes incorrect. When nonlinear materials are in effect, the Simulation post-processor will calculate relative
permeability (called MUR) values via the following code snippet:<br />
mur(1) = sqrt (eflxsm2 / egrdsm2) / muzero<br />mur(2) = mur(1)<br />
mur(3) = mur(1)<br />
where eflxsm2 is the square root sum of the squares (SRSS) of the nodal B vectors for an
element, and egrdsm2 is SRSS of the nodal H vectors for an element, and where muzero is free
space permeability.
Remote Forces defined by a magnitude and direction (default) may be applied incorrectly in Transient Structural (MBD) analyses in the following unit systems: 1. Metric (cm, g, dyne, s, V, A) 2. Metric (micro-meters, kg, micro-Newtons, s, V, mA) 3. U.S. Customary (ft, lbm, lbf, Degrees F, s, V, A) 4. U.S. Customary (in, lbm, lbf, Degrees F, s, V, A)
1. When importing P-Alpha materials from the Explicit Dynamics material library using the Explicit Dynamics (ANSYS) system, the "Density" property is imported as "Reference Density" and the "Solid Density" property is transferred to the "Porous Density" parameter. This is incorrect. 2. When bodies are assigned a P-Alpha material, they are filled with the "Reference Density" rather than the "Porous Density". This error also applies to the Compaction EOS.
Copying ramped loads from a static or transient analysis to a
harmonic analysis will result in the loading being ramped across
the frequency range in the harmonic solution. This type of loading
is unintended and will likely lead to incorrect answers.
The units for manually specified Thermal Conductance on a contact
region object are incorrect if the region is scoped to a 3D edge.
The units are listed as HEAT RATE/(TEMPERATURE * AREA) but in
reality are in units of HEAT RATE/TEMPERATURE. Thus any
user-entered value will be incorrectly converted outside of the MKS
system. To avoid this issue, enter the values and solve in MKS
units.
The shell normals are reversed for the uniform quad mesher
(compared to the default mesher) on some geometry, which causes the
associated face loads to be in the wrong direction. Face loads
include pressure, force, and bearing structural loadings and heat
flow and heat flux thermal loadings.
There are 2 potential errors in the fatigue tool related to how the
alternating and mean stresses are calculated; 1. The fatigue results can be wrong due to incorrect mean stress and 2. The fatigue results can be wrong due to incorrect alternating.
When post-processing results for a random vibration analysis, the scale factor indicating the sigma level may be incorrectly applied to contour results (deformation, stress, or strain). Each post-processing operation will compound the scale factor such that it is incorrectly applied multiple times, instead of once.
In a harmonic analysis, if reference temperature is defined as a
material property, then unexpected thermal harmonic strains may
occur because a reference temperature will be defined for those
materials but the elements will exist at a temperature of zero (in
the solver unit system). Under these conditions, thermal harmonic
strains will occur if the coefficient of thermal expansion is
non-zero. In terms of ANSYS commands, MP,REFT commands are issued
but no TREF or TUNIF command will exist in the input(ds.dat) file.
When a 'Standard Earth Gravity' load and an 'Acceleration'
load are simultaneously present in an environment, the two vectors are expected to be added together. However, the defect is encountered when you enter values for the 'Acceleration' load in any step greater than the first or if you insert new values for intermediate times within the first step. The error manifests as only one of the loads being written to the input file.
Results may be incorrect in Simulation when convection
loads exist that have temperature dependent film
coefficients and the film coefficient is a function of the
difference between the surface and bulk temperatures. If
the temperature differences are defined in one unit system
and the solution occurs in a different system where the
temperature units differ (for example BIN to NMM), the
temperatures in the input file will be wrong. There is an
error in the conversion of the defined temperature
differences in the table to the unit system of the data
that is sent to the solver. The solution is calculated
using the wrong temperature values and is not obvious
to the user.
The radius of curvature (FSSECT,rho) for linearized stress
calculations is causing any subsequent results mapped on to a
surface (SUMAP) to be incorrect.
In postprocessing (/POST1) a spectrum analysis (ANTYPE,SPECTRUM),
the displacements are transformed to the global Cartesian
coordinate system in a PowerGraphics (/GRAPHICS,POWER [default])
displacement plot (PNSOL,U). Only nodes that are rotated (NROTAT,
NANG, DSYM, and some options of DA, DL, N, and NMODIF commands) are
affected. The results should always be reported in the nodal
coordinate system for a spectrum analysis.
The nodal pressure operation (SF command) may fail to apply
pressure to the appropriate edge face of a selected shell element,
where both face nodes are selected and the face is not shared by
any other selected element. This behavior can happen if the element
shares at least one edge face with another selected shell element.
If you load a structure with an angular velocity or an angular acceleration (OMEGA,
CMOMEGA, CGOMGA or DOMEGA, CMDOMEGA, DCGOMG commands) and the model
has elements that have some dropped midside nodes, the results are in error. The amount of error
is proportional to the number of elements with dropped midside nodes and the number of their
midside nodes that are dropped. If all the midside nodes of an element are dropped, the results
are correct.
The XY and XZ torsional shear strain and stress components of BEAM188 and BEAM189 are mistakenly switched in the listing and plotting output (OUTPR (with KEYOPT(7)=2), PLESOL, and PLNSOL commands). Note that this error only affects the listing and plotting of these items. The results file is not affected by this error; the XY and XZ torsional shear strain and stress components of BEAM188 and BEAM189 are NOT switched in the results file.
When an acceleration boundary condition, specified via the D, DK, DL or DJ command (labels ACCX,
ACCY, ACCZ, DMGX, DMGY or DMGZ) without a table, is applied over multiple load steps with nonzero
values in the second and subsequent load steps, Mechanical APDL (ANSYS) always ramps the
acceleration value from zero at the beginning of each load step rather than from the value at the end of
the prior load step.
POST26 RPSD results are incorrect if an absolute response is
requested ( DATUM =ABS on the RPSD command) and two or more base excitations are
applied (PFACT command) that reference the same input PSD curve ( TABLNO on the PFACT command the same for two or more PFACTs).
The error in results is typically small and you may notice negative
RPSD values. To gauge the error magnitude, compare the integral
(INT1 command) of the RPSD curve to the absolute 1-sigma results
(using PSDRES,,ABS) of the node in question from POST1.
Symmetry regions in structural analyses may be interpreted
incorrectly if supports are applied to adjacent faces, edges, or
vertices on the model. Specifically, the number of node DOF
constraints and/or their directions may be incorrect for
combinations of symmetry with displacements, frictionless supports,
and cylindrical supports.
Depending on the relative orientation of the geometry selections,
the symmetry region may produce a combination of constraints that
either restrains the model or allows it to move freely in
directions that are unintended.
The NEQIT,1,FORCE command introduces incorrect results under the following circumstances:
(1) Contact elements (CONTA171 through CONTA178) are present.
(2) Non-zero displacements are specified using the D command.
(3) The program-calculated line search parameter is not equal to one.
If the above conditions are met, the results (such as displacements, stresses, contact tractions) are
multiplied by a factor which is equal to the line search parameter.
This error may also be seen inside the Mechanical product which will issue the NEQIT,1,FORCE
command under the following circumstances:
(1) Only Bonded or No Separation contact exists in the model.
(2) No other nonlinearities exist in the analysis.
Mechanical will issue the NEQIT,FORCE,1 command in a static or
transient analysis when the above conditions are met. Note that the
error may occur in Mechanical only under these conditions,
specifically when the line search parameter is not equal to one.
However, in practice, this situation will be rarely encountered.
When solving a buckling analysis [ANTYPE,BUCKLE] or modal analysis
[ANTYPE,MODAL], if any constraint equations [CE, CERIG, CESGEN,
etc.] contain a non-zero constant term, then the mode shape results
stored on the results file are not correct at the eliminated, or
slave, degree(s) of freedom.
The differential permeabilities stored in the non-summable
miscellaneous items 9-11 of SOLID117 are incorrect when the
materials are defined in a given element coordinate system (ESYS).
SENERGY always calculates the energy corresponding to the last load
step rather than the current load step in a static or transient
analysis (SENERGY,,0).
For nonlinear stress analysis with thermal loading, thermal strains
(MP,ALPX) may not be updated and stored in the results file when
the temperature equals the reference temperature (TREF or MP,REFT)
at the element integration points of a substep. Instead, the
non-zero thermal strains from the previous substep are stored to
the results file for this substep. The error is limited to the
output of thermal strains only. All other solution results are not
affected.
When orthotropic or anisotropic elasticity is defined for
the material (MP,EX, MP,EY, etc.) and the implicit creep
algorithm (isotropic creep) is used (TB,CREEP,,,n, where
n is 1 to 13), the results of the creep analysis using
elements PLANE42, PLANE82, SOLID45, SOLID92, and SOLID95
are incorrect.
When a synchronous harmonic analysis is performed (SYNCHRO command), if the model is meshed with solid elements and the rotational velocity axis defined through the CMOMEGA command is not along one of the global X,Y or Z axes, the gyroscopic matrix calculated is not correct.
In a rotating structure, when the axis of spin input through either
the OMEGA or the CMOMEGA command is oriented along an axis other
than one of the global Cartesian coordinate system axes, the
gyroscopic matrix generated using the CORIOLIS command is
incorrect. The gyroscopic matrix is the damping matrix generated by
turning on the stationary reference frame (RefFrame = ON) on the CORIOLIS command.
When a synchronous harmonic analysis is performed (SYNCHRO
command), if the model is meshed with solid elements and the
rotational velocity axis defined through the CMOMEGA command is not
along one of the global X,Y or Z axes, the gyroscopic matrix
calculated is not correct.
The documentation for performing a nonlinear transient thermal analysis (Thermal Analysis Guide, Chapter 3 "Transient Thermal Analysis") fails to note that only the THOPT,FULL matrix reform option is valid for the radiosity solver method...
In Releases prior to Release 12.0, the piezoelectric analysis using elements SOLID5, PLANE13,
SOLID98, PLANE223, SOLID226, and SOLID227 and the thermo-piezoelectric analysis using
elements PLANE223, SOLID226, and SOLID227 did not include the thermal strain induced
piezoelectric charge load vector denoted as {Lth} and defined in the Release 12.0 of the Theory
Reference, Section 11.3 (Piezoelectrics), Equation (11-46). This shortcoming of the piezoelectric
analysis produced a physically incorrect electric solution in the presence of thermal strain. For
example, due to the omission of the {Lth} vector, free thermal expansion of a piezoelectric
model produced an electric field. Beginning with Release 12.0, the piezoelectric analysis has
been improved to include the piezoelectric charge load vector {Lth} due to thermal strain in the
element formulation.
If you insert a probe scoped to an (x,y,z) location and if the view is the "Right" view (+X pointed to the front), then the hit point may be situated on an incorrect element facet in the model.
When a model with a hydrostatic pressure load is duplicated, the local coordinate system used to define the fluid free surface location of the hydrostatic pressure load does not get updated with the duplicated local coordinate system of the new model. Hence, any changes that you make to the duplicated local coordinate system will not affect the hydrostatic pressure load in the new model, resulting in wrong results being calculated.
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When pressure loads applied with the SFBEAM command are ramped from
one substep to the next, the pressure values are ramped as
expected. However if any offset information is input on the same
command, it is (incorrectly) also ramped. This situation can apply
to BEAM3, BEAM4, BEAM23, BEAM24, BEAM44, and/or BEAM54.
Contact analysis using CONTA171 and CONTA172 for Generalized Plane Strain elements
(PLANE182, PLANE183) reports incorrect contact pressure and friction stresses. The overall results,
other than contact pressures and friction stresses, are correct.
For an eigenvalue buckling analysis, the pressure load stiffness effects are not included for element
types PLANE2, PLANE42, PLANE82, SOLID45, SOLID46, SOLID64, SOLID65, SOLID92,
SOLID95, SOLID191, VISCO88, and VISCO89.
When the CMROTATE command is used to define a rotational angular
velocity on an element
component, the resulting nodal velocities are not
transformed correctly for nodes that have a local
coordinate system (for
example, by the NROTAT command). This may give wrong results, for
example,
when these nodal velocities are used for computing incremental sliding between
contact and
target surfaces. As a result, when performing a brake squeal
analysis, the eigenfrequencies from the
QRDAMP or UNSYM modal analysis are
incorrect
The results are incorrect for the elbow elements PIPE18 and PIPE60 with no end caps (accessed
KEYOPT(8) = 1) and with internal and/or external pressure (applied on faces 1 and/or 5).
Pre-stress modal analyses (ANTYPE,MODAL with PSTRESS,ON) give incorrect results when the
contact or target nodes are rotated into a local coordinate system (for example, by NROTATE or
DSYM commands).
There are two errors with the /POST1 ETABLE command:
1.
The ETABLE command does not extract the actual shell middle results (SHELL,MID with KEYOPT(8)=2 for SHELL93, SHELL181, SHELL208, and SHELL209, or KEYOPT(11)=2 for SHELL63) but rather erroneously averages the top and bottom results.
2.
The ETABLE,REFL command always uses the current POST1 Setup RSYS, FORCE, etc.) when refilling the table and not the options used ETABLE values. The documentation fails to note this behavior.
ANSYS Class3 Error Report 2006-05 was inadvertently reported as an ANSYS program Class3 error;
however, this error only exists in the CFX product. CFX Class3 Error Report CFX2008-07 has been
issued describing this class3 error and should be referred to for information about the error.
When using the HBMAT command to dump the contents of the .SUB file created by a substructuring generation pass, the last value of the diagonal locator array written to the .MATRIX file produced by the HBMAT command is incorrect.
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